References
Key Literature
Singh, C.D. (2025). Frequency-Domain Wideband Ground Penetrating Radar Modelling: Using Finite Elements and Perfectly Matched Layers. Master’s Thesis, Delft University of Technology. https://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b883c3d6-beb2-4842-b867-21d0c777aff7
Rulff, P. (2023). Three-dimensional forward modelling and inversion of controlled-source electromagnetic data using the edge-based finite-element method. Doctoral dissertation, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.
Rulff, P., Buntin, L. M., & Kalscheuer, T. (2021). Efficient goal-oriented mesh refinement in 3-D finite-element modelling adapted for controlled source electromagnetic surveys. Geophysical Journal International, 227(3), 1624-1645.
Ding, S., Wang, X., Feng, D., Xu, L., Irving, J., & Holliger, K. (2025). Frequency-domain vector finite element forward modeling of 3D GPR data using exact PML absorbing boundary conditions. Computational Geosciences, 29(3), 20.
Feng, D., Ding, S., & Wang, X. (2019). An exact PML to truncate lattices with unstructured-mesh-based adaptive finite element method in frequency domain for ground penetrating radar simulation. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 170, 103836.
Bérenger, J.-P. (2007). Perfectly matched layer (PML) for computational electromagnetics (Vol. 8). Springer.
Jin, J.-M., & Riley, D. J. (2008). Finite element analysis of antennas and arrays. John Wiley & Sons.
Jin, J.-M. (2015). The finite element method in electromagnetics. John Wiley & Sons.
Griffiths, D. J. (2023). Introduction to electrodynamics. Cambridge University Press.
Bermúdez, A., Hervella-Nieto, L., Prieto, A., and Rodríguez, R. (2004). An exact bounded PML for the Helmholtz equation. Comptes Rendus Mathematique, 339(11), 803–808.
Ozgun, O., Kuzuoglu, M., and Mittra, R. (2023). Self-tuning locally conformal pml mesh truncation for 3-d vector finite element method. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 72(2), 2036–2040.
Bérenger, J.-P. (1994). A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves. Journal of Computational Physics, 114(2), 185–200.
Pekel, Ü., and Mittra, R. (1995). A finite-element-method frequency-domain application of the perfectly matched layer (pml) concept. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 9(3), 117–122.
Pled, F., and Desceliers, C. (2022). Review and recent developments on the perfectly matched layer (pml) method for the numerical modeling and simulation of elastic wave propagation in unbounded domains. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 29(1), 471–518.
Si, H., & TetGen, A. (2009). A quality tetrahedral mesh generator and a 3d delaunay triangulator. Cited on, 61.
Amestoy, P. R., Duff, I. S., L’Excellent, J. Y., & Koster, J. (2000, June). MUMPS: a general purpose distributed memory sparse solver. In International Workshop on Applied Parallel Computing (pp. 121-130). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
elfe3D Source
Rulff, P. elfe3D - Modelling with the total electric field approach using finite elements in 3-D (https://github.com/emsig/elfe3D)
Software Dependencies
Amestoy, P. R., et al. MUMPS - A Multifrontal Massively Parallel Sparse Direct Solver. (https://mumps-solver.org/index.php)
Si, H. TetGen - A Quality Tetrahedral Mesh Generator and a 3D Delaunay Triangulator. (https://wias-berlin.de/software/index.jsp?id=TetGen&lang=1)